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Dysfunctional attitudes and vulnerability to persistent depression.

J M Williams1, D Healy, J D Teasdale

  • 1MRC Applied Psychology Unit, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital.

Psychological Medicine
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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High dysfunctional attitudes in major depressive disorder patients predicted poor recovery. Self-schema ratings did not predict outcomes. Cognitive measures are key for relapse prediction in asymptomatic patients.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Background:

  • Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant mental health concern.
  • Cognitive theories suggest dysfunctional attitudes and negative self-schemas contribute to depression.
  • Predicting treatment outcomes and relapse is crucial for effective MDD management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the predictive value of dysfunctional attitudes and negative self-schemas on admission for treatment recovery in MDD patients.
  • To examine the utility of these cognitive measures for predicting relapse at a six-month follow-up.

Main Methods:

  • Forty-four MDD patients were assessed for dysfunctional attitudes and negative self-schemas upon admission.
  • Treatment recovery was evaluated after six weeks.

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  • A subset of 31 patients was reassessed at six months for relapse or sustained remission.

    • Main Results:

    • Patients with high dysfunctional attitudes at admission had a significantly lower recovery rate (35%) compared to those with low dysfunctional attitudes (6%) after six weeks.
    • Self-schema ratings at admission did not predict recovery.
    • Neither admission measure predicted the six-month outcome (remission or relapse).

    Conclusions:

    • Vulnerable attitudes assessed during symptomatic periods predict recovery from major depressive disorder.
    • Cognitive measures are more effective for predicting relapse when patients are asymptomatic.
    • This highlights the importance of timing when using cognitive assessments for prognostic purposes in MDD.