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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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B Cell Activation and Differentiation

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Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
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Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy of Membrane Proteins using Single-Antibody Labeling
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B-cell targeted therapeutics in clinical development.

Stephan Blüml1, Kathleen McKeever, Rachel Ettinger

  • 1MedImmune, LLC, Department of Research, One MedImmune Way, Gaithersburg, MD 20854, USA.

Arthritis Research & Therapy
|April 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

B lymphocytes are key to immunity but can cause autoimmune diseases. Targeting B cells with new therapies shows promise for treating conditions like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Therapeutic Development

Background:

  • B lymphocytes are crucial for humoral immunity but can drive autoimmune diseases.
  • Dysregulated B-cell activity contributes to conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis.
  • Mechanisms include cytokine secretion, T-cell costimulation, antigen presentation, autoantibody production, and type I interferon induction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current developments in B-cell targeted therapies for autoimmune diseases.
  • To identify molecules and B-cell subpopulations as potential therapeutic targets.
  • To outline strategies for targeting B cells and update on novel therapeutics in clinical development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current developments in B-cell targeted therapies.
  • Analysis of molecules, subpopulations, and targeting strategies.
  • Update on the clinical development status of novel therapeutics.

Main Results:

  • B-cell depletion using anti-CD20 antibodies (e.g., rituximab) demonstrates clinical efficacy.
  • Numerous novel biologics targeting B cells are in clinical development.
  • Emerging clinical trial data offer insights into B-cell roles in autoimmune conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting B cells is a promising therapeutic strategy for autoimmune diseases.
  • Ongoing research and clinical trials are advancing the development of more effective B-cell therapies.
  • Clinical insights will refine patient selection and therapeutic approaches for autoimmune conditions.