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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model
06:59

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

Published on: September 8, 2023

Age-related changes in trabecular and cortical bone microstructure.

Huayue Chen1, Xiangrong Zhou, Hiroshi Fujita

  • 1Department of Anatomy, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.

International Journal of Endocrinology
|April 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aging significantly impacts bone health, leading to osteoporosis and increased fracture risk in the elderly. Advanced imaging reveals age-related bone microstructural changes, affecting vertebrae, femoral neck, and distal radius.

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A Sectioning, Coring, and Image Processing Guide for High-Throughput Cortical Bone Sample Procurement and Analysis for Synchrotron Micro-CT
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Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin
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Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin

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Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model
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Trabecular Bone Microarchitecture Evaluation in an Osteoporosis Mouse Model

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A Sectioning, Coring, and Image Processing Guide for High-Throughput Cortical Bone Sample Procurement and Analysis for Synchrotron Micro-CT
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A Sectioning, Coring, and Image Processing Guide for High-Throughput Cortical Bone Sample Procurement and Analysis for Synchrotron Micro-CT

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Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin
09:36

Outer-Boundary Assisted Segmentation and Quantification of Trabecular Bones by an Imagej Plugin

Published on: March 14, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Orthopedics
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Global increase in elderly population.
  • Aging causes progressive skeletal deterioration, increasing osteoporosis and fracture risks.
  • Osteoporosis is a common aging-related condition, with age as an independent risk factor for fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review age-related changes in bone microstructure.
  • Focus on trabecular and cortical bone changes.
  • Examine common osteoporotic fracture sites: vertebrae, femoral neck, distal radius.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized noninvasive imaging techniques: computed tomography (CT), micro-CT, and high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT (HR-pQCT).
  • Analyzed human specimens to assess bone architecture.
  • Focused on three-dimensional (3D) microstructural analysis.

Main Results:

  • Imaging studies show decreased bone strength in older adults compared to younger adults.
  • Identified age-related alterations in trabecular and cortical bone microstructure.
  • HR-pQCT and micro-CT provide crucial data on bone microarchitecture and strength.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related changes in bone microstructure significantly affect bone strength.
  • Advanced imaging techniques are vital for understanding age-related bone loss and osteoporosis.
  • Targeted analysis of vertebrae, femoral neck, and distal radius aids in fracture risk assessment.