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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Synaptic Microcircuit Modeling with 3D Cocultures of Astrocytes and Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
08:48

Synaptic Microcircuit Modeling with 3D Cocultures of Astrocytes and Neurons from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: August 16, 2018

Gene expression-based modeling of human cortical synaptic density.

Manu S Goyal1, Marcus E Raichle

  • 1Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA. goyalm@mir.wustl.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|April 12, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synaptic density in the human brain isn't solely driven by growth genes. A kinetic model reveals that gene expression, including oligodendrocyte genes, influences synaptic elimination and overall brain synaptic stability throughout life.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Postnatal cortical synaptic development involves distinct phases: growth, pruning, and stabilization.
  • The precise role of gene expression in orchestrating these synaptic development stages remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how gene expression influences cortical synaptic density changes across the human lifespan.
  • To develop a kinetic model simulating synaptic density dynamics based on gene expression patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a first-order kinetic model to simulate synaptic growth and elimination.
  • Incorporated two distinct gene expression patterns into the model.
  • Analyzed regional variations in gene expression and their impact on synaptic density predictions.

Main Results:

  • Synaptic growth-related gene expression alone does not dictate synaptic density changes.
  • Modeling is optimized using oligodendrocyte-related genes for synaptic elimination rates.
  • Regional gene expression differences correlate with predicted synaptic density variations across cortical areas.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical synaptic density dynamics are governed by a balance between synaptic growth and elimination, influenced by specific gene expression patterns.
  • Oligodendrocyte-related gene expression plays a critical role in regulating synaptic elimination rates.
  • The human adult cortex exhibits stable synaptic numbers due to counterbalancing growth and elimination rates, indicating continuous synaptic turnover.