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Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

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Receptor tyrosine kinases or RTKs are membrane-bound receptors that phosphorylate specific tyrosine on protein substrates. RTKs regulate cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and migration. They contain an extracellular ligand binding domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytosolic tail with intrinsic kinase activity. Several extracellular signaling molecules activate RTKs in one or more ways and relay the signal downstream. Ligands such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) or...

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BRET-based G Protein Biosensors for Measuring G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activity in Live Cells

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BRET Biosensor Analysis of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Functionality.

Sana Siddiqui¹, Wei-Na Cong, Caitlin M Daimon

¹Receptor Pharmacology Unit, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health Baltimore, MD, USA.

Frontiers in Endocrinology

|April 12, 2013

Summary

Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) offers a powerful method for studying receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). This review highlights BRET

Keywords:

RTK cytokine receptors epidermal growth factor receptor insulin receptor insulin-like growth factor receptor neurotrophic protein–protein interaction receptor tyrosine kinase

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Published on: September 19, 2018

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Cell Signaling

Background:

Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) is an advanced technique for analyzing biomolecular protein interactions.
While widely used for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), BRET applications for receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are underexplored.
RTKs are crucial in diseases like cancer and diabetes, often activated by dimerization.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the application of BRET in studying RTK activity and protein-protein signaling interactions.
To highlight the potential of BRET for investigating RTK superfamily members and associated receptors.

Main Methods:

Literature review of functional BRET studies focusing on RTKs and non-GPCR receptor signaling.
Analysis of BRET applications across various RTK subclasses, including neurotrophic, insulinotropic, and growth factor receptors.
Examination of BRET studies on tyrosine kinase-associated receptors like cytokine receptors.

Main Results:

The review covers BRET studies on diverse RTKs such as Trk, p75NTR, IR, IGFR, EGFR, FGFR, VEGFR, c-kit, PDGFR, OB-R, and GHR.
Evidence, though sparse, indicates significant potential for BRET in functional RTK research.
BRET facilitates the study of receptor-protein interactions critical for signal transduction.

Conclusions:

BRET is a valuable tool for investigating RTK dimerization and signaling pathways.
Despite limited current use, BRET holds immense promise for advancing RTK biology research.
Further application of BRET can elucidate RTK functions in health and disease.