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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis

Three Different Protocols of Corneal Collagen Crosslinking in Keratoconus: Conventional, Accelerated and Iontophoresis

Published on: November 12, 2015

Is consanguinity a risk factor for keratoconus?

Ariela Gordon-Shaag¹, Michel Millodot, Maron Essa

¹Department of Optometry, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel. Arielag@hadassah.ac.il

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry

|April 16, 2013

Summary

Consanguinity is a significant risk factor for keratoconus (KC), suggesting a genetic link. Environmental factors like eye rubbing and lack of sunglass wear also contribute to KC development.

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Published on: October 21, 2022

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Genetics
Public Health

Background:

Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive eye condition affecting corneal shape.
Genetic and environmental factors are implicated in KC etiology.
The role of consanguinity as a risk factor for KC requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between consanguinity and the risk of developing keratoconus (KC).
To identify other potential risk factors for KC in a specific population.

Main Methods:

A case-control study was conducted with 70 KC patients and 140 controls.
Data on demographic characteristics and potential risk factors were collected via questionnaires.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to determine significant risk factors.

Main Results:

Consanguinity (first-cousin and second-cousin) was significantly associated with KC (adjusted odds ratio, 3.96; p = 0.001).
Eye rubbing, absence of sunglass wear, and higher education level were also identified as significant risk factors for KC.
Allergy was associated with KC in univariate but not multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

Consanguinity is a significant risk factor for keratoconus, supporting a genetic contribution to the disease.
Environmental factors, including eye rubbing and lack of sunglass protection, are associated with KC.
Education level is also a significant predictor of KC risk.