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Updated: May 12, 2026

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects

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Racial discrimination: how not to do it.

¹School of Philosophical and Historical Inquiry, University of Sydney, Quadrangle A14, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. adam.hochman83@gmail.com

Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences

|April 20, 2013

Summary

This study critiques racial naturalism, arguing that while the strong version lacks scientific support, the weak version is too similar to social constructionism to revive the concept of race. It offers a path for social constructionism in the post-genomic era.

Keywords:

Forensic anthropology Genetic clustering Race Racial naturalism Sesardic Social constructionism

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Published on: January 24, 2020

Area of Science:

Philosophy of Science
Anthropology
Genetics

Background:

The UNESCO Statements on Race (1950s) established a scientific consensus that 'race' is a social construct, not a biological reality.
Human biological diversity is primarily clinal (gradual), not discrete or clustered, challenging earlier racial naturalism.
Social constructionism posits that most human genetic diversity exists within, not between, racialized groups.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze and critique recent arguments for racial naturalism, particularly those presented by Sesardic (2010).
To demonstrate that Sesardic's defense of racial naturalism equivocates between weak and strong versions.
To argue for the continued relevance of social constructionism regarding race in the post-genomic era.

Main Methods:

Philosophical analysis of arguments for racial naturalism.
Examination of scientific evidence regarding human genetic diversity and the concept of race.
Critique of Sesardic's (2010) defense of racial naturalism.

Main Results:

The strong version of racial naturalism is not supported by current scientific understanding of human biological diversity.
The weak version of racial naturalism presented by Sesardic is too similar to social constructionist views to be distinct.
Sesardic's arguments, while attempting to leverage post-Human Genome Diversity Project data, ultimately fail to revive racial naturalism.

Conclusions:

Social constructionism remains the most viable framework for understanding race, even in light of new genetic data.
Sesardic's defense of racial naturalism is unconvincing due to its equivocation and reliance on a weak, indistinct version.
This critique provides a framework for maintaining a social constructionist view of race in the post-genomic scientific landscape.