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Related Concept Videos

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
Spinal Cord01:26

Spinal Cord

The spinal cord, a critical component of the central nervous system, extends from the base of the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. It is essential for maintaining physical stability and facilitating communication between the brain and peripheral parts of the body.

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Activity-based Training on a Treadmill with Spinal Cord Injured Wistar Rats
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Ambulation and spinal cord injury.

Elizabeth C Hardin1, Rudi Kobetic, Ronald J Triolo

  • 1Motion Study Laboratory, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. ehardin@fescenter.org

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America
|April 20, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Many spinal cord injury patients can walk using assistive devices like braces, robotics, and functional electrical stimulation (FES). Careful assessment of risks and benefits is crucial for managing expectations and improving quality of life.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Assistive Technology

Background:

  • Spinal cord injury (SCI) presents significant mobility challenges.
  • Walking recovery is a key goal for many individuals with SCI.
  • Various technologies and interventions aim to restore walking function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the feasibility and benefits of walking for SCI patients.
  • To identify assistive technologies that facilitate walking post-injury.
  • To highlight the importance of managing patient expectations and assessing risks versus benefits.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on walking interventions for SCI.
  • Analysis of assistive technologies including braces, robotics, and functional electrical stimulation (FES).
  • Discussion of assessment standards for evaluating walking improvement during and after rehabilitation.

Main Results:

  • Walking is achievable for many SCI patients through diverse technological aids.
  • Benefits include enhanced musculoskeletal and mental health.
  • Potential challenges include accessibility issues and secondary complications like shoulder pain or falls.

Conclusions:

  • Rigorous, consistent assessment of walking is vital throughout the rehabilitation process and beyond.
  • Managing patient expectations is critical to prevent negative impacts on quality of life.
  • A personalized approach to weigh the risks and benefits of walking is essential for each SCI patient.