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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

Cost-effectiveness of treating normal tension glaucoma.

Emmy Y Li¹, Clement C Tham, Stanley C Chi

¹Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. emmyli@gmail.com

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

|April 20, 2013

Summary

Treating normal tension glaucoma (NTG) with intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering therapy is cost-effective long-term. Offering treatment to all NTG patients yields an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $34,225 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY).

Keywords:

Markov model cost-effectiveness normal tension glaucoma

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Health Economics
Clinical Decision Making

Background:

Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a progressive optic neuropathy.
Visual field loss in NTG can lead to significant disability.
Long-term cost-effectiveness of NTG treatment requires evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the long-term cost-effectiveness of treating normal tension glaucoma (NTG).
To determine the optimal strategy for managing NTG based on cost-effectiveness.

Main Methods:

A Markov decision-analytic health model was utilized.
Transitional probabilities were derived from the Collaborative Normal Tension Glaucoma Study.
Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analyses were performed to determine incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs).

Main Results:

The ICER for treating all NTG patients over 10 years was $34,225 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY).
Selective treatment for patients with risk factors (disc hemorrhage, migraine, female) showed lower ICERs.
Cost-effectiveness was sensitive to medication costs and utility scores, but not consultations or laser/surgery.

Conclusions:

Long-term IOP lowering therapy is cost-effective for all NTG patients.
A 30% reduction in baseline IOP is a target for effective treatment.
The study supports offering NTG treatment to individuals in need based on cost-effectiveness.