Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2026

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
Published on: September 20, 2019
Participant withdrawal: challenges and practical solutions for recruitment and retention in clinical trials
Niloufar Hadidi1, Ruth Lindquist, Diane Treat-Jacobson
1University of Minnesota, School of Nursing, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. hadi0001@umn.edu
Abstract:
A major challenge in the conduct of clinical trials is recruiting and retaining adequate numbers of study participants. Pressure for steady recruitment and retention is great. A wide range of strategies are used to retain participants; however, some approaches raise ethical questions. This article examines issues of participant retention, literature addressing the volunteer nature of informed consent, the moral distress surrounding participant withdrawal, and potential ethical implications. Strategies are proposed to resolve issues and reduce participant and investigator distress. Case studies of two patients with complex chronic illnesses illustrate practical solutions and lessons learned.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Clinical Trials
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
Clinical Trials: Overview
Longitudinal Research
Bioavailability Study Design: Healthy Subjects Versus Patients
Blinding
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast, controlled...

