Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 12, 2026
04:30
A Murine Model of Stent Implantation in the Carotid Artery for the Study of Restenosis
Published on: May 14, 2013
Local drug delivery to prevent restenosis
Stephen M Seedial1, Soumojit Ghosh, R Scott Saunders
1Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
Journal of Vascular Surgery
|April 23, 2013
Summary
Local drug delivery shows promise for preventing restenosis after vascular interventions, particularly with new drug-eluting balloons and targeted therapies for peripheral arteries. Future innovations offer hope for solutions in treating this complex vascular biology issue.
Area of Science:
- Vascular biology and bioengineering
- Pharmacology and drug delivery systems
Background:
- Restenosis remains a significant limitation in vascular reconstructions, despite advances in related fields.
- Intimal hyperplasia, the underlying cause of restenosis, is complex but amenable to targeted drug interventions.
- Local drug administration is a viable strategy due to the focal nature of restenosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of current and emerging local drug delivery techniques for preventing restenosis.
- To explore novel strategies beyond traditional methods for vascular interventions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed and other relevant databases up to September 2012.
- Inclusion of abstracts from societal meetings, patents, clinical trials, and NIH awards for comprehensive data.
- Review of existing and novel local drug delivery approaches for restenosis prevention.
Main Results:
- Drug-eluting stents are effective in coronary circulation but less so in peripheral arteries.
- Emerging drug-eluting balloons show promise for peripheral lesions, with some devices CE-marked.
- Periadventitial drug delivery and targeted systemic therapies are being explored as novel strategies.
Conclusions:
- Restenosis continues to be a critical clinical challenge, especially in peripheral vessels.
- Promising advancements include drug-eluting balloons, periadventitial delivery, and targeted systemic therapies.
- Ongoing innovations suggest a strong future outlook for preventing restenosis in peripheral arteries.
Related Concept Videos
01:22Drug Delivery: Miscellaneous Routes
Drug delivery methods like oral inhalation, nasal sprays, transdermal patches, eye drops, intravitreal injection, and rectal administration provide localized effects with reduced toxicity.
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...
Oral inhalation and nasal sprays swiftly transfer drugs across the respiratory epithelium's mucosal layer. Inhaled glucocorticoids and bronchodilators directly target lung conditions such as asthma, while fluticasone nasal spray mitigates allergic rhinitis.
Transdermal patches transport drugs through the...
01:24Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Site-Targeted
Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
01:23Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification
Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
01:24Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers
Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
01:19Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II
Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
01:30Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated
Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...