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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
09:06

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

miRNAs link metabolic reprogramming to oncogenesis.

Maria Hatziapostolou1, Christos Polytarchou, Dimitrios Iliopoulos

  • 1Center for Systems Biomedicine, Division of Digestive Disease, and Institute for Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism: TEM
|April 23, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Cancer cells exhibit aerobic glycolysis, a metabolic switch supporting growth and metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate cancer metabolism, offering potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.

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Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis
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Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis

Published on: March 30, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 12, 2026

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method
09:06

MicroRNA Amplification and Recognition through Locked-nucleic-acid In situ Hybridization as a Novel Detection and Quantification Method

Published on: October 7, 2025

Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis
11:44

Analysis of Combinatorial miRNA Treatments to Regulate Cell Cycle and Angiogenesis

Published on: March 30, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer cells exhibit altered metabolism, notably aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect), to fuel proliferation and metastasis.
  • This metabolic reprogramming involves oncogenes and tumor suppressors, impacting glucose and lipid pathways.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression, influencing cellular metabolism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the regulatory role of miRNAs in cancer metabolism, focusing on glucose and lipid pathways.
  • To explore how miRNAs fine-tune enzymes, signaling pathways, and transcription factors critical for cancer cell metabolism.
  • To discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting metabolism-related miRNAs in cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNAs and cancer metabolism.
  • Analysis of miRNA regulation of key metabolic enzymes and pathways.
  • Examination of the link between metabolic reprogramming and miRNA activity in cancer.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs play a crucial role in fine-tuning enzymes, signaling pathways, and transcription factors involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in cancer.
  • Dysregulation of specific miRNAs contributes to the altered metabolic phenotype of cancer cells.
  • Metabolism-related miRNAs represent promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs are critical regulators of cancer cell metabolism, influencing both glucose and lipid pathways.
  • Targeting metabolism-modulating miRNAs offers a novel therapeutic strategy for various cancers.
  • Further research into miRNA-metabolism interactions is essential for developing effective cancer therapies.