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Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Bone Cells and Tissue01:30

Bone Cells and Tissue

Bones contain a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of organic and inorganic components. Although bone cells compose only a small amount of the bone volume, they are crucial to its function. Four types of cells are found within the bone tissue— osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts and Osteocytes
The osteoblast is the bone cell responsible for forming new bone tissue. It is found in the growing portions of bone, including the periosteum and...
Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification01:24

Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification

Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Decellularized Apple-Derived Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering In Vitro and In Vivo
09:49

Decellularized Apple-Derived Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering In Vitro and In Vivo

Published on: February 23, 2024

Extracorporeal human bone-like tissue generation.

N Rosenberg1, O Rosenberg

  • 1Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, POB 9602, Haifa 31096, Israel.

Bone & Joint Research
|April 24, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel method for autologous extracorporeal bone generation, creating bone-like tissue for supplementation. This technique combines cells, inorganic materials, and mechanical stimulation for rapid tissue engineering.

Keywords:
BoneBone graftBone regenerationExtracorporealOsteoblastOsteogenesis

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Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs

Published on: August 8, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Bone tissue supplementation is crucial for reconstructive surgery, but current methods like autografts have limitations.
  • Autografts face limited availability and donor site morbidity, necessitating alternative solutions.
  • Existing allografts and inorganic materials also present potential side effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for autologous extracorporeal bone generation.
  • To create a viable alternative for bone graft supplementation.
  • To engineer bone-like tissue in vitro for clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Human osteoblast-like cells seeded on tricalcium phosphate granules.
  • Incubation in osteogenic media with infrasonic mechanical vibration.
  • Microscopic examination using histological and immunohistochemical staining.

Main Results:

  • Generated tissue exhibited bone-like characteristics after 14 days.
  • Histological analysis confirmed eosinophilic staining, positive collagen trichrome, and osteocalcin/collagen 1 staining.
  • Macroscopically, the generated tissue formed aggregates ranging from 0.5 cm to 2 cm.

Conclusions:

  • In vitro interaction of cellular, inorganic, and mechanical factors rapidly generates bone-like tissue.
  • This engineered tissue shows potential for use as an autologous bone graft.
  • The method offers a promising approach for autologous bone graft supplementation.