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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...

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CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis
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CRISPR Gene Editing Tool for MicroRNA Cluster Network Analysis

Published on: April 25, 2022

MicroRNA and senescence: the senectome, integration and distributed control.

Alan E Bilsland1, John Revie, W Keith

  • 1Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.

Critical Reviews in Oncogenesis
|April 26, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular senescence is a key target for cancer therapy, but requires better biomarkers. This study explores senescence-associated microRNAs (SA-miRNAs) as potential regulators and clinical markers for senescence therapeutics.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cellular senescence is increasingly recognized as a crucial response to stress, particularly in cancer therapy.
  • Identifying reliable biomarkers for senescence in vivo is essential for developing senescence-targeted cancer treatments.
  • The complex regulatory networks of senescence, including the role of microRNAs, are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intricate interactions within the cellular senescence network (senectome).
  • To explore the role of senescence-associated microRNAs (SA-miRNAs) as regulators of the senectome.
  • To evaluate the potential of SA-miRNAs as clinical biomarkers for advancing senescence-based cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of complex interactions among various cellular processes involved in senescence.
  • Examination of senescence-associated microRNAs (SA-miRNAs) as regulatory elements.
  • Assessment of SA-miRNAs for their utility as clinical biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Senescence involves a complex interplay of cellular processes, including DNA damage, chromatin modification, and inflammatory signaling.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a significant role in regulating and inducing cellular senescence.
  • SA-miRNAs are identified as potential distributed controllers of senectome regulation.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular senescence is a promising target in cancer therapy, necessitating robust in vivo assessment methods.
  • SA-miRNAs represent a novel class of regulators within the senescence network.
  • SA-miRNAs hold potential as clinical biomarkers to facilitate the development of new senescence therapeutics.