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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...

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Ice anaesthesia in procedural dermatology.

Shreya Dixit1, Patricia Lowe, Gayle Fischer

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.

The Australasian Journal of Dermatology
|April 27, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Dermatologists commonly use ice anesthesia for pain control during injectable procedures. Experiments show aluminum foil-wrapped ice is more effective for longer skin contact times than latex-wrapped ice.

Keywords:
cosmetic dermatologycryoanaesthesiaice anaesthesianon-injectable anaesthesianon-injectable pain controlprocedural dermatologytopical anaesthesia

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pain Management
  • Procedural Medicine

Background:

  • Injectable procedures, including botulinum toxin type A (BTA) injections and skin fillers, are common in dermatology.
  • Effective pain control is crucial for patient comfort during these procedures.
  • Current pain management strategies include topical anesthetics and ice anesthesia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To survey Australian dermatologists on their preferred pain control methods for injectable procedures.
  • To investigate the relationship between ice-to-skin contact time and skin surface temperature using different ice packaging.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of ice anesthesia as a non-injectable pain control method.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was distributed to 79 Australian dermatologists regarding pain control during BTA injections, hyperhidrosis treatments, and skin filler procedures.
  • A proof-of-concept experiment compared skin surface temperature reduction using ice wrapped in latex versus aluminum foil at varying contact times.
  • Response rate for the survey was 41% (32 out of 79).

Main Results:

  • Ice anesthesia was the preferred method for 75% of surveyed dermatologists, followed by topical anesthesia (50%).
  • Latex-wrapped ice was the most common packaging, with a median contact time of 10 seconds.
  • Aluminum foil-wrapped ice demonstrated greater skin cooling efficacy than latex-wrapped ice for contact times exceeding 20 seconds.

Conclusions:

  • Ice anesthesia is a widely adopted and effective non-injectable pain control method in dermatological procedures.
  • The choice of ice packaging (latex vs. aluminum foil) impacts its effectiveness in reducing skin temperature, particularly with longer application times.
  • Findings are relevant for dermatologists and other medical professionals performing procedures requiring non-injectable pain management.