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Development and testing of a human collagen graft material
D Quteish1, G Singh, A E Dolby
1Department of Periodontology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff.
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research
|June 1, 1990
Summary
This study developed a human Type I collagen sponge from placenta for potential use in oral surgery. The biocompatible material demonstrated favorable mechanical properties, fluid absorption, and slow degradation, showing promise as a graft material.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Human Type I collagen is a key component in connective tissues.
- Developing effective graft materials is crucial for oral surgical procedures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prepare and characterize a collagen sponge from human placental Type I collagen.
- To evaluate its suitability as a potential graft material for oral surgery.
Main Methods:
- Human Type I collagen extracted from placenta via pepsin and salt fractionation.
- Collagen sponge cross-linked with glutaraldehyde and characterized for mechanical, physical, and degradation properties.
- In vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo subcutaneous implantation studies conducted.
Main Results:
- The collagen sponge exhibited a modulus of elasticity of 289 +/- 10 g/mm2.
- It demonstrated insolubility, low swelling (<5%), and high fluid binding capacity (56 +/- 5 mL/g).
- Slow degradation by bacterial collagenase and minimal cytotoxicity (<5%) observed; resorption and vascularization occurred within 6-8 weeks post-implantation.
Conclusions:
- The human Type I collagen sponge possesses suitable mechanical and physical properties for graft applications.
- Its biocompatibility and degradation profile suggest potential as an effective biomaterial in oral surgery.