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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...

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An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets
09:09

An Efficient and High Yield Method for Isolation of Mouse Dendritic Cell Subsets

Published on: April 18, 2016

Human dendritic cell subsets.

Matthew Collin1, Naomi McGovern, Muzlifah Haniffa

  • 1Human Dendritic Cell Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. matthew.collin@ncl.ac.uk

Immunology
|April 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are key immune cells that present antigens. Research shows distinct DC subsets have specialized functions in immunity, originating separately from monocytes and macrophages.

Keywords:
dendritic cellshaematologytherapy/immunotherapy

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Generation of Human Monocyte-derived Dendritic Cells from Whole Blood

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Published on: December 24, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Innate Immunity

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for initiating adaptive immune responses.
  • DCs are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that bridge innate and adaptive immunity.
  • Understanding DC development and function is vital for immunology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the developmental origins of dendritic cells.
  • To explore the functional specializations of distinct dendritic cell subsets.
  • To contextualize dendritic cell properties within human immunology.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative immunological studies.
  • Developmental biology analyses.
  • Functional assays for antigen presentation and immune response induction.

Main Results:

  • Dendritic cells originate independently from monocytes and tissue macrophages.
  • Distinct dendritic cell subsets exhibit intrinsic functional specializations.
  • Emerging evidence highlights unique roles for DC subsets in immunity generation.

Conclusions:

  • Dendritic cells possess unique developmental pathways.
  • Functional divergence among DC subsets underlies specialized immune responses.
  • Comparative immunology advances the understanding of human dendritic cell biology.