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Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Peter Y K Van den Bergh1, Yusuf A Rajabally
1Neuromuscular Reference Centre, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, University of Louvain, Department of Neurology, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. peter.vandenbergh@uclouvain.be
Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983)
|April 30, 2013
Summary
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an autoimmune disorder. Diagnosis relies on clinical and electrophysiological findings, with immune therapies like IVIG and steroids proving effective.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Clinical Diagnostics
Background:
- Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is the most prevalent autoimmune neuropathy.
- Diagnosis typically requires a progressive or relapsing course over two months and electrophysiological evidence of demyelination.
- Atypical CIDP variants pose diagnostic challenges, and the condition may be underdiagnosed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the diagnostic criteria and challenges in identifying CIDP.
- To discuss the current understanding of CIDP pathogenesis and pathophysiology.
- To summarize effective treatment options and long-term management considerations.
Main Methods:
- Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria for CIDP.
- Analysis of electrophysiological findings and supportive laboratory features.
- Evaluation of treatment efficacy for CIDP, including steroids, IVIG, and plasma exchange.
Main Results:
- Diagnosis relies on clinical course and electrophysiological evidence; atypical variants present challenges.
- Optimized electrophysiological criteria and supportive tests like CSF protein and MRI aid diagnosis.
- Immune therapies including steroids, IVIG, and plasma exchange are effective, with varying onset and remission rates.
Conclusions:
- CIDP diagnosis requires careful integration of clinical, electrophysiological, and supportive data.
- Pathogenesis remains incompletely understood, but an inflammatory origin is supported.
- Effective treatments exist, but long-term outcome evaluation and management require further research.
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