Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Fusion

The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...

Thomson's e/m Experiment

Thomson's e/m Experiment

In a beam of charged particles created by a heated cathode, the particles move at different speeds. However, many applications need a beam with uniform particle speeds. An arrangement known as a velocity selector uses electric and magnetic fields to pick particles with a particular speed from the beam.
A particle with charge q, speed v, and mass m enters an area from the top, where the magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular both to the particle's motion and to one another. The magnetic...

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...

Emission Spectra

Emission Spectra

When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Binary progenitor systems for Type Ic supernovae.

Nature communications·2024

Same author

Heavy-element production in a compact object merger observed by JWST.

Nature·2023

Same author

Constraints on the Hubble constant from supernova Refsdal's reappearance.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2023

Same author

A magnified compact galaxy at redshift 9.51 with strong nebular emission lines.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2023

Same author

Denmark: Women's grants lost in inequality ocean.

Nature·2015

Same author

Astrophysics. Multiple images of a highly magnified supernova formed by an early-type cluster galaxy lens.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2015

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

Published on: January 30, 2020

The supernova-gamma-ray burst-jet connection.

¹Dark Cosmology Centre, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark. jens@dark-cosmology.dk

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences

|May 1, 2013

Summary

The collapsar model links supernovae and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) via jets. SN 2012bz/GRB 120422A may represent a transitional object between low-luminosity and jet GRBs.

Area of Science:

Astrophysics
Cosmic explosions
High-energy astrophysics

Background:

The association between supernovae and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is a key area of astrophysical research.
The collapsar model explains this connection through the launch of bipolar jets.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the observational status of the supernova-GRB connection.
To discuss the 'engine' picture of jet-driven supernovae.
To highlight SN 2012bz/GRB 120422A as a potential transition object.

Main Methods:

Review of observational data linking supernovae and GRBs.
Analysis of the collapsar model for jet-driven supernovae.
Case study of SN 2012bz/GRB 120422A.

More Related Videos

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Cryogenic Liquid Jets for High Repetition Rate Discovery Science

Cryogenic Liquid Jets for High Repetition Rate Discovery Science

Published on: May 9, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

Published on: January 30, 2020

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Setting Limits on Supersymmetry Using Simplified Models

Published on: November 15, 2013

Cryogenic Liquid Jets for High Repetition Rate Discovery Science

Cryogenic Liquid Jets for High Repetition Rate Discovery Science

Published on: May 9, 2020

Main Results:

The collapsar model provides a framework for jet launch, supernova, and GRB.
SN 2012bz/GRB 120422A exhibits characteristics of both luminous supernovae and intermediate GRBs.
This object may bridge low-luminosity and jet gamma-ray bursts.

Conclusions:

The jet channel offers new insights into supernova explosions.
Understanding these connections is crucial for comprehending stellar death processes.
Further study of transitional objects can refine models of GRBs and supernovae.