Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Motor Unit Stimulation01:20

Motor Unit Stimulation

When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
Muscle Stimulation Frequency01:22

Muscle Stimulation Frequency

The contraction strength of muscles is regulated by motor neurons, which modulate the frequency of action potentials dispatched to the motor units based on the body's requirements. This process of varying the muscle stimulation frequency allows muscles to contract with a force that is precisely tailored to the needs of the moment, whether lifting a feather or a heavy box.
Wave summation
At low firing rates, motor neurons induce individual twitch contractions in muscle fibers. These twitches...
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated01:30

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Stimuli-Activated

Stimuli-activated drug delivery systems are designed to release drugs in response to specific physical, chemical, or biological stimuli. These systems often utilize hydrogels—three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of swelling in aqueous environments and retaining significant fluid volumes. Upon exposure to particular stimuli, these hydrogels undergo structural transitions that allow the embedded drug to be released. Due to this adaptive behavior, such systems are also called...
Electrodes: Overview01:17

Electrodes: Overview

Electrochemical measurements are conducted in an electrochemical cell composed of various components that control and measure the current and potential. One fundamental component is electrodes, conductive materials that enable electron transfer reactions at their surfaces.
There are two main types of electrodes in electrochemical cells. The first type, known as the working or indicator electrode, has a potential that is sensitive to the analyte's concentration and reacts to changes in the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Author's Response to the Letter to the Editor-Letter to the Editor: Comments on the interpretation of forest plots in a meta‑analysis of endoscopic third ventriculostomy versus ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Combined internal neurolysis and targeted proximal trigeminal root glycerol delivery for refractory multiple sclerosis-related trigeminal neuralgia: a case report.

Chinese neurosurgical journal·2026
Same author

Letter to the Editor Regarding "The Status of Women in Academic Medicine, and Particularly in Neurosurgery, in a Developing Country, TĂĽrkiye".

World neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Editorial: Surgery and management of pituitary region tumours and their endocrine outcomes.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026
Same author

Spontaneous ultra-early resorption of an intracerebral hematoma in a cirrhotic patient: case report and analysis of this unusual phenomenon.

British journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same author

Compassionate pedagogy in neurosurgery: current perspectives and relevance to neurosurgical training.

British journal of neurosurgery·2026
Same journal

"Thanatophobia": Physician's Perspective of Dealing with Patients with Fear of Death.

Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine·2018
Same journal

Severe Abdominal Complaints after Technical Successful Endovascular Treatment of Chronic Splanchnic Ischemia.

Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine·2018
Same journal

Hemisection as a Conservative Management of Grossly Carious Permanent Mandibular First Molar.

Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine·2018
Same journal

Management of Complicated Crown Fracture by Reattachment Using Fiber Post: Minimal Intervention Approach.

Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine·2018
Same journal

Unilateral Transient Watershed Cerebral Infarct in a 6-Year-Old Girl with Frequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome.

Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine·2018
Same journal

Preprocedural Anxiety and Pain Perception Following Root Surface Debridement in Chronic Periodontitis Patients.

Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine·2018
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Implantation Surgery for Abdominal Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Recording Studies in Awake Rats
07:17

Implantation Surgery for Abdominal Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Recording Studies in Awake Rats

Published on: January 19, 2024

Vagal nerve stimulator: Evolving trends.

Sunny Ogbonnaya1, Chandrasekaran Kaliaperumal

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.

Journal of Natural Science, Biology, and Medicine
|May 2, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) effectively reduces seizure frequency and intensity. This neuromodulation technique also shows promise in treating depression, obesity, and enhancing memory and neurogenesis.

Keywords:
Depressionneurogenesisobesityseizurevagus nerve stimulator

More Related Videos

Vagus Nerve Stimulation As an Adjunctive Neurostimulation Tool in Treatment-resistant Depression
04:29

Vagus Nerve Stimulation As an Adjunctive Neurostimulation Tool in Treatment-resistant Depression

Published on: January 7, 2019

Laboratory Administration of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS): Technique, Targeting, and Considerations
06:31

Laboratory Administration of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS): Technique, Targeting, and Considerations

Published on: January 7, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Implantation Surgery for Abdominal Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Recording Studies in Awake Rats
07:17

Implantation Surgery for Abdominal Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Recording Studies in Awake Rats

Published on: January 19, 2024

Vagus Nerve Stimulation As an Adjunctive Neurostimulation Tool in Treatment-resistant Depression
04:29

Vagus Nerve Stimulation As an Adjunctive Neurostimulation Tool in Treatment-resistant Depression

Published on: January 7, 2019

Laboratory Administration of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS): Technique, Targeting, and Considerations
06:31

Laboratory Administration of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS): Technique, Targeting, and Considerations

Published on: January 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) emerged over 30 years ago as a method to modulate neural activity.
  • Initial applications focused on inhibiting neural processes to terminate seizures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the evolution and diverse medical applications of VNS.
  • To review the literature on VNS mechanisms of action across various conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search conducted on PubMed and EMBASE for "VNS" and its applications.
  • Focus on refractory seizures, depression, obesity, memory, and neurogenesis.

Main Results:

  • VNS reduces seizure intensity and frequency by 50% in refractory epilepsy.
  • VNS promotes neurogenesis in the hippocampus and shows improvement in major depression and rodent cognition.
  • Recent studies indicate VNS effectiveness in managing obesity in patients with depression.

Conclusions:

  • VNS has established efficacy in epilepsy surgery and treatment-resistant depression.
  • Its therapeutic scope extends to obesity, memory enhancement, and neurogenesis.
  • Further research indicates significant future potential for VNS applications.