Intraoperative anaphylaxis to ranitidine during cesarean section.

Area of Science:

• Anesthesiology
• Pharmacology
• Obstetrics

Background:

• Ranitidine is a commonly prescribed H2-receptor antagonist known for its generally good safety profile.
• Adverse drug reactions, though infrequent, can occur even with well-tolerated medications.
• Emergency cesarean sections involve complex physiological states and potential drug interactions.

Observation:

• A patient undergoing emergency cesarean section under spinal anesthesia received a single intravenous dose of 50 mg ranitidine.
• The patient developed a severe anaphylactic reaction shortly after ranitidine administration.

Findings:

• The anaphylaxis was successfully managed with standard emergency protocols, including epinephrine (adrenaline), hydrocortisone, and supportive care.
• The patient experienced a complete recovery from the severe allergic reaction.

Implications:

• This case highlights a rare but potentially fatal adverse drug reaction to ranitidine.
• Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for anaphylaxis, even with commonly used medications in obstetric emergencies.
• Early recognition and prompt management are critical for favorable outcomes in severe allergic reactions.