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Can we detect oceanic biodiversity hotspots from space?

Silvia De Monte1, Alice Soccodato, Séverine Alvain

  • 11] Ecole Normale Supérieure, Ecologie et Evolution, Paris, France [2] Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Ecologie et Evolution, Paris, France [3] CNRS, Ecologie et Evolution, Paris, France.

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Summary

Satellite data can now identify marine biodiversity hotspots. A new index based on ocean color anomalies reveals phytoplankton hotspots, aligning with known biodiversity patterns and in situ data.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine microbiology
  • Oceanography
  • Remote sensing

Background:

  • Global marine biodiversity variability is crucial but challenging to study due to ocean scale and data heterogeneity.
  • Current in situ observational programs face limitations in global-scale implementation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of satellite data for identifying marine phytoplankton biodiversity hotspots.
  • To develop a novel index for global biodiversity assessment using remote sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Defined a Shannon entropy index using patchiness in ocean color bio-optical anomalies.
  • Utilized a high-resolution (1-degree) global coverage from satellite data.
  • Correlated the index with temperature and analyzed mid-latitude and regional maxima.

Main Results:

  • The developed index demonstrated high-resolution global coverage.
  • Results showed a relationship with temperature and mid-latitude maxima, consistent with prior studies.
  • Regional maxima from the index strongly agreed with known plankton biodiversity hotspots and some in situ estimates.

Conclusions:

  • Satellite-derived ocean color anomalies can effectively identify marine biodiversity hotspots.
  • This approach offers a scalable method for global marine biodiversity monitoring.
  • Integrated efforts between molecular, ecological, and remote sensing communities are encouraged for future marine biodiversity exploration.