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Depression: Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
04:33

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: April 26, 2024

Development, implementation, and evaluation of a pharmacist-conducted screening program for depression.

Shelly Rosser1, Stacey Frede, Wayne F Conrad

  • 1James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45236, USA. shelly.rosser@stores.kroger.com

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : Japha
|May 3, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Community pharmacists successfully screened for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), identifying patients for physician referral. Most patients with positive depression screenings had treatment initiated or modified.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder
04:33

Association Between Sleep Quality and Cognitive Symptoms in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Published on: April 26, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacist-led health interventions
  • Community-based mental health screening
  • Primary care and mental health integration

Background:

  • Depression is a prevalent mental health condition requiring accessible screening.
  • Community pharmacies offer a convenient setting for public health initiatives.
  • Integrating depression screening into pharmacy practice can improve patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a community pharmacy-based depression screening program.
  • To assess the program's effectiveness in identifying and referring patients with depressive symptoms.
  • To determine if physician referrals lead to treatment initiation or modification.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study conducted in 32 community pharmacies.
  • 3,726 adult patients screened using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2 and PHQ-9).
  • Positive screens led to physician referral, with pharmacists following up on treatment actions.

Main Results:

  • 1.8% of patients screened positive on the PHQ-2.
  • Approximately 25% of patients completing the PHQ-9 were referred to physicians.
  • Around 60% of referred patients had treatment initiated or modified.

Conclusions:

  • A community pharmacy depression screening program was successfully implemented.
  • Pharmacists effectively identified patients with undiagnosed depressive symptoms.
  • The majority of patients with positive screenings received timely treatment adjustments.