Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus
10:49

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus

Published on: January 28, 2019

Rotavirus infection: a perspective on epidemiology, genomic diversity and vaccine strategies

Anupam Mukherjee1, Mamta Chawla-Sarkar

  • 1Division of Virology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme-XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata, 700010 West Bengal India.

Indian Journal of Virology : an Official Organ of Indian Virological Society
|May 3, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus, a leading cause of severe diarrhea in young children, can be prevented with newly developed vaccines. Ongoing surveillance and vaccine development are crucial for global child health.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Acute diarrhea remains a significant global cause of mortality in young children.
  • Rotaviruses are identified as the primary infectious agent responsible for 40-50% of severe acute diarrhea cases worldwide.
  • Rotavirus disease leads to over 600,000 deaths and 2.4 million hospitalizations annually, particularly in South-East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of rotavirus disease on child mortality.
  • To discuss the current landscape of rotavirus vaccines, including licensed products and those in development.
  • To emphasize the importance of surveillance and genetic analysis for vaccine efficacy and strain monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on rotavirus epidemiology and disease burden.
  • Analysis of licensed rotavirus vaccines (Rotarix and RotaTeq) and their characteristics.
  • Discussion of third-generation vaccine candidates and the role of ongoing surveillance.

Main Results:

  • Two safe and effective rotavirus vaccines are licensed globally, though vaccine uptake varies.
  • Rotarix and RotaTeq target common rotavirus serotypes, significantly reducing disease morbidity where widely used.
  • Third-generation vaccines, including inactivated virus and virus-like particle vaccines, are under development.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus vaccines have demonstrated a significant decrease in disease morbidity.
  • Continuous surveillance of circulating rotavirus strains is essential for assessing vaccine effectiveness and monitoring new strains.
  • Integrating rotavirus vaccines into national immunization programs can substantially reduce child mortality, especially in low-resource settings.

Keywords:
23 G genotypes32 P genotypesRotavirusVaccine

More Related Videos

Simplified Reverse Genetics Method to Recover Recombinant Rotaviruses Expressing Reporter Proteins11:40

Simplified Reverse Genetics Method to Recover Recombinant Rotaviruses Expressing Reporter Proteins

Published on: April 17, 2020

Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR15:16

Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR

Published on: July 22, 2012

Related Concept Videos

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes01:26

Size and Structure of Viral Genomes

Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
Human Virome01:26

Human Virome

The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
Viruses with RNA Genomes01:29

Viruses with RNA Genomes

RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...