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Modifiable risk factor burden and the prevalence of peripheral artery disease in different vascular territories

Jeffrey S Berger1, Judith Hochman, Iryna Lobach

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA. Jeffrey.berger@nyumc.org

Journal of Vascular Surgery
|May 7, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Increased risk factors significantly correlate with higher prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD), carotid artery stenosis (CAS), and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). This study highlights a clear, graded association between risk factor burden and vascular disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The relationship between risk factor burden and the prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD), carotid artery stenosis (CAS), and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) requires further clarification.
  • Understanding these associations is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between modifiable risk factors and the prevalence of PAD, CAS, and AAAs.
  • To quantify the impact of risk factor burden on the likelihood of developing these vascular conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from over 3.3 million U.S. patients aged 40-99 screened between 2004-2008.
  • Utilized multivariate logistic regression to assess the odds of disease based on modifiable risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle).
  • Calculated population-attributable risk to estimate the proportion of disease linked to modifiable factors.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of any peripheral vascular disease (PVD) was 7.51%, with PAD at 3.56%, CAS at 3.94%, and AAAs at 0.88%.
  • A significant, graded association was observed: individuals with more risk factors had a substantially higher prevalence of PVD, PAD, CAS, and AAAs.
  • Each additional modifiable risk factor increased the odds of having PVD (OR 1.58), PAD (OR 1.62), CAS (OR 1.57), and AAA (OR 1.51).

Conclusions:

  • Risk factor burden is strongly associated with an increased prevalence of PVD, PAD, CAS, and AAAs.
  • A clear, graded relationship exists between the number of modifiable risk factors and the prevalence of these vascular diseases.
  • Findings underscore the importance of managing modifiable risk factors for vascular disease prevention.
Abstract

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