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Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design
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Correcting injunctive norm misperceptions motivates behavior change: a randomized controlled sun protection

Allecia E Reid1, Leona S Aiken

  • 1Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, USA. allecia.reid@yale.edu

Health Psychology : Official Journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association
|May 8, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Correcting misperceptions of injunctive norms improved sun protection behaviors. Personalized normative feedback (PNF) positively influenced attitudes and intentions, demonstrating a method to promote healthy behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Psychology
  • Health Behavior Research
  • Public Health Interventions

Background:

  • Injunctive norms, reflecting social approval/disapproval, are known to influence behavior.
  • Limited research has explored the impact of injunctive norms on health behaviors.
  • Misperceptions of norms, such as underestimating sun protection approval, are common.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of correcting misperceptions of injunctive norms for promoting sun protection.
  • To investigate if changes in attitudes mediate the relationship between injunctive norms and behavioral intentions.
  • To evaluate the utility of personalized normative feedback (PNF) in health behavior change.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized trial involving 263 women (aged 37-77) assessed baseline beliefs about sun protection and tanning.
  • Participants' perceptions of typical women's approval of sun protection versus tanning were measured.
  • 189 participants received either standard information or information plus personalized normative feedback (PNF).

Main Results:

  • PNF significantly improved sun protection injunctive norms, attitudes, and intentions immediately post-intervention.
  • PNF also led to increased intentions and self-reported sun protection behavior at 4-week follow-up.
  • Changes in attitudes partially mediated the effect of PNF on intentions, supporting the proposed mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • Correcting misperceptions of injunctive norms is a viable strategy for promoting healthy behaviors like sun protection.
  • The study demonstrates that personalized normative feedback can effectively shift attitudes and intentions.
  • The findings suggest a method for influencing attitudes that may mitigate reactance and promote sustained behavior change.