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Circulation of two mumps virus genotypes in an unimmunized population in India

Sunil R Vaidya1, Deepika T Chowdhury, Neelakshi S Kumbhar

  • 1National Institute of Virology, Pune, India. suravaidya@yahoo.com

Journal of Medical Virology
|May 10, 2013
PubMed

Insights

Two distinct mumps virus genotypes, C and G, were identified in separate Indian villages during 2012 outbreaks. This study confirms the simultaneous circulation of these mumps virus strains in close proximity.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mumps outbreaks with severe complications, including meningo-encephalitis and fatalities, occurred in Maharashtra, India.
  • Limited data exists on mumps virus genotypes circulating in India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mumps virus genotypes responsible for outbreaks in Apsinga and Pimpla villages.
  • To confirm mumps virus infection in affected individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Serological testing for mumps virus-specific IgM and IgG antibodies in serum samples.
  • Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the SH gene of mumps virus in throat swabs.
  • Nucleotide sequencing of amplified PCR products to determine genotypes.
  • Isolation of mumps virus using Vero cell cultures.

Main Results:

  • Mumps virus-specific IgM antibodies were detected in 71% (44/62) of suspected patients.
  • RT-PCR confirmed mumps virus in 23 out of 28 throat swabs.
  • Nucleotide sequencing revealed two distinct village-specific mumps virus genotypes: genotype C in Apsinga (18/23) and genotype G in Pimpla (5/23).
  • Two mumps virus isolates were successfully cultured.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first evidence of simultaneous circulation of mumps virus genotypes C and G in geographically close villages in India.
  • The findings highlight the genetic diversity of mumps virus in India and underscore the need for continued surveillance.

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