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Related Concept Videos

Role of Hippocampus in Memory01:19

Role of Hippocampus in Memory

The hippocampus, a critical brain structure, plays an essential role in memory processing, particularly in the formation and retrieval of memory. This small, seahorse-shaped region is located within the medial temporal lobe, with one hippocampus in each brain hemisphere. Experimental studies involving lesions in the hippocampi of rats have demonstrated significant impairments in tasks such as object recognition and maze navigation, indicating the hippocampus involvement in both recognition and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Viral Tracing of Genetically Defined Neural Circuitry
13:06

Viral Tracing of Genetically Defined Neural Circuitry

Published on: October 17, 2012

Viral tracing identifies parallel disynaptic pathways to the hippocampus.

Judy A Prasad1, Yogita Chudasama

  • 1Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|May 10, 2013
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals two distinct limbic cortex pathways to the hippocampus in rats. These dorsal and ventral pathways may underlie spatial cognition and executive control, respectively.

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Transsynaptic Tracing from Peripheral Targets with Pseudorabies Virus Followed by Cholera Toxin and Biotinylated Dextran Amines Double Labeling
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Transsynaptic Tracing from Peripheral Targets with Pseudorabies Virus Followed by Cholera Toxin and Biotinylated Dextran Amines Double Labeling

Published on: September 14, 2015

Combined In Vivo Anatomical and Functional Tracing of Ventral Tegmental Area Glutamate Terminals in the Hippocampus
09:36

Combined In Vivo Anatomical and Functional Tracing of Ventral Tegmental Area Glutamate Terminals in the Hippocampus

Published on: September 9, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Viral Tracing of Genetically Defined Neural Circuitry
13:06

Viral Tracing of Genetically Defined Neural Circuitry

Published on: October 17, 2012

Transsynaptic Tracing from Peripheral Targets with Pseudorabies Virus Followed by Cholera Toxin and Biotinylated Dextran Amines Double Labeling
13:12

Transsynaptic Tracing from Peripheral Targets with Pseudorabies Virus Followed by Cholera Toxin and Biotinylated Dextran Amines Double Labeling

Published on: September 14, 2015

Combined In Vivo Anatomical and Functional Tracing of Ventral Tegmental Area Glutamate Terminals in the Hippocampus
09:36

Combined In Vivo Anatomical and Functional Tracing of Ventral Tegmental Area Glutamate Terminals in the Hippocampus

Published on: September 9, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroanatomy
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • The hippocampus, divided into dorsal and ventral segments, exhibits functional specializations linked to its anatomical connections.
  • Previous research utilized electrophysiological and lesion studies to infer hippocampal functional segregation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural circuitry and anatomical projections to the dorsal and ventral hippocampus.
  • To elucidate the direct and indirect pathways from the limbic cortex to the hippocampus.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the pseudorabies virus-Bartha strain (PRV-Bartha) as a viral tracer in a rat model.
  • Analyzed PRV-Bartha infection density to map neural projections and identify synaptic relays.

Main Results:

  • Identified two parallel, disynaptic pathways from the limbic cortex to the hippocampus.
  • A dorsal pathway (spatial cognition) connects limbic cortical areas to the dorsal hippocampus via anterior thalamic nuclei and dorsolateral entorhinal cortex.
  • A ventral pathway (executive control) connects limbic cortical areas to the ventral hippocampus via midline thalamic nuclei and rostral caudomedial entorhinal cortex.

Conclusions:

  • Proposed a novel anatomical framework for understanding cortex-hippocampus interactions.
  • These findings offer insights into cognitive disorders involving both structures, such as frontotemporal dementia.