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Related Concept Videos

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction01:24

Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction

Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of fluid...
Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
The glomerulus is a tiny, intricate network of capillaries located at the beginning of the nephron. It's enveloped by the Bowman's capsule and receives its blood supply from an afferent arteriole, which divides into numerous capillaries...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...

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An Efficient Sieving Method to Isolate Intact Glomeruli from Adult Rat Kidney
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Published on: November 1, 2018

[Primary glomerulonephritis in focus].

Vincent Bourquin1, Belén Ponte, Micheal Zellweger

  • 1Service de Néphrologie, Hôpital de la Tour, Avenue J.-D. Maillard 3, 1217 Meyrin. vincentbourquin@mac.com

Revue Medicale Suisse
|May 11, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glomerulonephritis (GN) causes significant end-stage renal disease. This article clarifies common primary glomerulonephritis (PGN) types, aiding non-specialist understanding of these kidney diseases.

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Isolation of Glomeruli and In Vivo Labeling of Glomerular Cell Surface Proteins
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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Context:

  • Glomerulonephritis (GN) represents a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  • Primary glomerulonephritis (PGN) occurs when no secondary cause is identified.
  • Classifying glomerular diseases is complex due to varied presentations and terminology.

Purpose:

  • To simplify understanding of common primary glomerulonephritis (PGN) for non-specialists.
  • To provide a concise overview of frequently encountered PGNs.
  • To elucidate the epidemiology, clinical signs, histology, and pathophysiology of selected PGNs.

Summary:

  • This review summarizes key aspects of IgA nephropathy, membranous GN, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, extracapillary GN, and membranoproliferative GN.
  • Each PGN is briefly described, covering its occurrence, symptoms, microscopic appearance, and underlying mechanisms.
  • The article aims to demystify PGN terminology and presentation for a broader audience.

Impact:

  • Enhances comprehension of primary glomerulonephritis for clinicians and researchers.
  • Facilitates clearer communication regarding kidney disease classifications.
  • Supports improved diagnosis and management strategies for patients with PGN.