[The House of infant protection in Moscow]

The article deals with short (1918-1922) but exremely important time of reorganization and functioning of the House of infant protection in Moscow established by the initiative of the Department of mother and infant protection. It turned out, because of enthusiasm and professionalism of physicians and in spite of the most severe situation in the country, to organize the departments for healthy infants, to establish clinics for gravely sick little patients, laboratory diagnostic units and children consultation. The House of infant protection became the only practical research center in the Soviet Russia to study physiology and pathology of children of early age and to train physicians and medical nurses specialized in the area of early childhood. The importance of the House of infant protection which was at the origins of the Soviet system of protection of children health, is hard to overestimate. The House was a kind of experiment area to develop the institutions of public system of mother and child protection, to elaborate the Soviet pediatric science and schools of training and advanced training of research and practical specialists in this field of medicine.