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Reactive arthritis in India: a dermatologists' perspective.
Amrinder J Kanwar1, Rahul Mahajan
1Department of Dermatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education, Chandigarh, India. ajkanwar1948@gmail.com
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
|May 16, 2013
Summary
Reiter syndrome (RS) often presents with incomplete symptoms, making diagnosis challenging. Cutaneous manifestations, like keratoderma blenorrhagicum, are crucial for identifying RS when typical signs are absent.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Dermatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Mucocutaneous lesions are common in Reiter syndrome (RS), also known as reactive arthritis.
- Understanding the varied presentations of RS is essential for accurate diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical characteristics and diagnostic challenges of Reiter syndrome.
- To evaluate the role of mucocutaneous manifestations in diagnosing incomplete RS.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 11 patients diagnosed with RS between 2006 and 2010.
- Data collection included demographics, disease involvement (musculoskeletal, mucocutaneous, ophthalmic), lesion morphology, and investigations.
- Classification into complete or incomplete RS based on clinical presentation.
Main Results:
- Nine out of 11 patients (81.8%) had incomplete RS.
- All patients exhibited arthritis and mucocutaneous involvement.
- Common findings included enthesitis (72.7%), keratoderma blenorrhagicum (72.7%), and circinate balanitis/vulvitis (54.5%).
- Juxta-articular osteopenia was the most frequent radiologic finding (72.7%).
Conclusions:
- Reiter syndrome does not always present with the classic triad of symptoms.
- Musculoskeletal involvement is prevalent in a significant proportion of RS patients.
- Cutaneous manifestations are vital for diagnosing RS, especially in atypical or incomplete cases.
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