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Hesperidin prevents androgen deficiency-induced bone loss in male mice
Hiroshige Chiba1, Hyounju Kim, Akiyo Matsumoto
1Department of Nutrition and Life Science, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, 1030 Shimoogino, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine whether hesperidin inhibits bone loss in androgen-deficient male mice. Male ddY mice aged 7 weeks underwent either a sham operation or orchidectomy (ORX) and were divided into five groups: a sham-operated group fed a control diet (Sham) based on AIN-93G formulation with corn oil instead of soy bean oil, an ORX group fed the control diet (ORX), a group fed the control diet containing 0.5% hesperidin (ORX + H), a group fed the control diet containing 0.7% α-glucosylhesperidin (ORX + αG), and a group fed the control diet containing 0.013% simvastatin (ORX + St). Four weeks after intervention, ORX mice showed a striking decrease in seminal vesicle weight, which was not affected by the administration of hesperidin, α-glucosylhesperidin, or simvastatin. Femoral BMD was significantly reduced by ORX, and bone loss was inhibited by the administration of hesperidin, α-glucosylhesperidin or simvastatin. Histomorphometric analysis showed that the bone volume and trabecular thickness were significantly lower, and the osteoclast number was higher in the distal femoral cancellous bone in the ORX group than in the Sham group, and these were normalized in the ORX + H, ORX + αG and ORX + St groups. These results indicate that hesperidin inhibited bone resorption and hyperlipidemia, in ORX mice, and the preventive effect was stronger than that observed in ovariectomized mice in our previous study.
Insights
Hesperidin effectively inhibits bone loss and resorption in male mice with androgen deficiency. This natural compound, along with its derivative, shows promise in preventing osteoporosis.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Pharmacology
- Osteoporosis Research
Background:
- Androgen deficiency is a significant risk factor for osteoporosis in men.
- Estrogen deficiency is a well-established cause of bone loss, but androgen deficiency also contributes to skeletal fragility.
- Flavonoids, like hesperidin, possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may benefit bone health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of hesperidin in preventing bone loss in a mouse model of androgen deficiency.
- To compare the effects of hesperidin and alpha-glucosylhesperidin with simvastatin in preventing orchidectomy-induced bone loss.
- To evaluate the impact of hesperidin on bone resorption markers and bone mineral density in male mice.
Main Methods:
- Male ddY mice underwent orchidectomy (ORX) or sham operation.
- Mice were fed diets supplemented with hesperidin, alpha-glucosylhesperidin, or simvastatin for four weeks.
- Femoral bone mineral density (BMD), histomorphometry, and seminal vesicle weight were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Orchidectomy significantly reduced femoral BMD and altered bone structure (lower bone volume, trabecular thickness; higher osteoclast number).
- Hesperidin, alpha-glucosylhesperidin, and simvastatin administration prevented ORX-induced bone loss and normalized bone histomorphometry.
- Hesperidin demonstrated a potent inhibitory effect on bone resorption and hyperlipidemia in ORX mice.
Conclusions:
- Hesperidin is an effective agent for inhibiting bone loss and resorption in androgen-deficient male mice.
- The preventive effect of hesperidin on bone loss was notable, even stronger than observed in previous studies with ovariectomized mice.
- Hesperidin represents a potential therapeutic strategy for managing osteoporosis associated with androgen deficiency.
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