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Related Concept Videos

Neurulation01:30

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the anterior...
Determination01:51

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In contrast, determination...
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Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...
The Spinal Cord01:54

The Spinal Cord

The spinal cord is the body’s major nerve tract of the central nervous system, communicating afferent sensory information from the periphery to the brain and efferent motor information from the brain to the body. The human spinal cord extends from the hole at the base of the skull, or foramen magnum, to the level of the first or second lumbar vertebra.
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

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Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
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The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
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The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Neural Crest Cells from Embryonic Murine Neural Tube
12:48

Isolation and Culture of Neural Crest Cells from Embryonic Murine Neural Tube

Published on: June 2, 2012

The neural crest.

Roberto Mayor1, Eric Theveneau

  • 1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. r.mayor@ucl.ac.uk

Development (Cambridge, England)
|May 16, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neural crest (NC) cells are crucial for embryonic development, forming diverse cell types. This review highlights the molecular mechanisms guiding their extensive migration and differentiation.

Keywords:
CancerCell migrationChemotaxisContact-inhibition of locomotionEpithelium-to-mesenchyme transitionNeural crest cellsNeurocristopathies

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Culturing and Manipulation of O9-1 Neural Crest Cells

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Isolation and Culture of Neural Crest Cells from Embryonic Murine Neural Tube
12:48

Isolation and Culture of Neural Crest Cells from Embryonic Murine Neural Tube

Published on: June 2, 2012

Analysis of Neural Crest Migration and Differentiation by Cross-species Transplantation
09:03

Analysis of Neural Crest Migration and Differentiation by Cross-species Transplantation

Published on: February 7, 2012

Culturing and Manipulation of O9-1 Neural Crest Cells
08:32

Culturing and Manipulation of O9-1 Neural Crest Cells

Published on: October 9, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Cell biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The neural crest (NC) is a transient, multipotent cell population originating at the embryonic neuroepithelium-epidermis border.
  • NC cells undergo extensive migration to populate diverse embryonic locations.
  • These cells differentiate into a wide array of cell types, including neurons, pigment cells, and craniofacial cartilage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of neural crest cell formation, differentiation, and migration.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms that regulate neural crest cell migration.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on neural crest development for researchers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on neural crest biology.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways and signaling mechanisms involved in NC cell migration.
  • Comparative analysis of NC cell migration across different species.

Main Results:

  • NC cell migration is a complex process regulated by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors.
  • Chemotaxis, contact inhibition of locomotion, and cell sorting are key mechanisms controlling NC cell movement.
  • Molecular regulators such as Wnt, BMP, FGF, and Notch signaling pathways play critical roles.

Conclusions:

  • Neural crest cell formation, migration, and differentiation are fundamental processes in vertebrate development.
  • Understanding the molecular basis of NC migration is crucial for insights into developmental disorders and regenerative medicine.
  • Further research into the intricate regulatory networks governing NC cell behavior will advance the field.