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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
07:22

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis

Published on: May 31, 2021

An update on venom allergy.

Marcus S Shaker1, Derek Hsu, David A Gruenberg

  • 1aSection of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Dartmouth, Lebanon bGeisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire cSection of Allergy and Immunology, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA.

Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|May 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe allergic reactions to insect stings require prompt recognition and treatment. Venom immunotherapy is recommended for children with a history of anaphylaxis to prevent future severe reactions.

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Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production
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Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production

Published on: October 6, 2023

Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses
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Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

Published on: November 3, 2014

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Published on: May 31, 2021

Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production
05:27

Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production

Published on: October 6, 2023

Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses
10:25

Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

Published on: November 3, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Allergic reactions to stinging insects, particularly Hymenoptera, can be severe and frightening.
  • Understanding recent advancements is crucial for managing severe reactions in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in the management of severe allergic reactions to Hymenoptera stings in children.
  • To emphasize appropriate care and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent investigations and clinical findings.
  • Analysis of diagnostic testing and immunotherapy indications.

Main Results:

  • Venom immunotherapy is effective in preventing future anaphylaxis from Hymenoptera stings.
  • Immunotherapy is indicated for patients with a history of anaphylaxis.
  • Component resolved diagnostics aid in identifying multiple venom allergies.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid recognition and treatment of anaphylaxis are critical.
  • Patient education on sting avoidance and epinephrine preparedness is important.
  • Referral for venom immunotherapy can prevent recurrent anaphylaxis.