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A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers
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A Prediction Error-driven Retrieval Procedure for Destabilizing and Rewriting Maladaptive Reward Memories in Hazardous Drinkers

Published on: January 5, 2018

Neural context reinstatement predicts memory misattribution.

Samuel J Gershman1, Anna C Schapiro, Almut Hupbach

  • 1Department of Psychology and Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, USA. sjgershm@mit.edu

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|May 17, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Context reinstatement causes source memory confusion. New information is mistakenly linked to old experiences when prior context is reactivated during new learning, leading to memory errors.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Source memory confusion occurs when new information is mistakenly attributed to an older experience.
  • Theories suggest context reinstatement of prior experiences leads to this memory error.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying context reinstatement and its role in source memory confusion.
  • To examine if reactivating List 1 context during List 2 study causes misattribution of List 2 items to List 1.

Main Methods:

  • Human participants studied two lists of visual objects on separate days.
  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used during item study.
  • A pattern classifier analyzed scene-related neural activity during List 2 study to indicate context reinstatement.

Main Results:

  • An asymmetric pattern of misattribution was observed: List 2 items were often misattributed to List 1, but not vice versa.
  • Higher prestimulus scene activation during List 2 study predicted subsequent misattribution of List 2 items to List 1.
  • This neural activity served as a time-varying indicator of List 1 context reinstatement during List 2 study.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the hypothesis that reinstating prior context contributes to source memory errors.
  • Neural evidence demonstrates context reinstatement during new learning can lead to misattributions.
  • Results inform theories of memory reconsolidation and context-dependent memory.