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Updated: May 11, 2026

Quantitative Immunofluorescence to Measure Global Localized Translation
Published on: August 22, 2017
Translational researches require effective protocols for knowledge and technology transfer and integration
1Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Ovarian Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Abstract:
Integration of several disciplines (nonclinical, preclinical and clinical researches) during drug discovery and development through learning and confirmation process needs a dynamic process; "translational medicine" (TM) to give a holistic understanding of the entire process. To achieve the highest impacts, however, effective standard protocols need to be performed.
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Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life

