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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
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Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...

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Transgenic mouse models for ADHD.

Damiana Leo1, Raul R Gainetdinov

  • 1Department of Neuroscience and Brain Technologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genoa, Italy, damiana.leo@iit.it.

Cell and Tissue Research
|May 18, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genetically modified mice are crucial for understanding attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by modeling its genetic factors and dopamine pathways. These animal models help investigate ADHD

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder with unknown etiology, but genetic factors are increasingly implicated.
  • Brain circuits in ADHD are rich in monoamines, particularly dopamine (DA), which are targets for psychostimulant medications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances and challenges in using genetically modified animal models, specifically mice, to study ADHD.
  • To investigate the role of genetic factors and dopamine transmission in ADHD pathogenesis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing genetically modified mouse models, including knock-out and transgenic strains, to target genes involved in neurotransmission.
  • Analyzing dopamine transporter (DAT1) gene models to understand dopamine's role in ADHD.
  • Exploring novel transgenic models targeting other candidate genes associated with ADHD.

Main Results:

  • Genetically modified mice provide in vivo tools to study the contribution of specific genes to ADHD endophenotypes.
  • These models facilitate the dissection of neuronal circuitry and molecular mechanisms underlying ADHD and psychostimulant action.
  • Mutant models aid in evaluating novel therapeutic strategies for ADHD.

Conclusions:

  • Genetically altered animals, particularly mice, are indispensable for dissecting the genetic underpinnings of ADHD.
  • These models offer valuable insights into dopamine's role and the efficacy of psychostimulant treatments.
  • Continued development of transgenic models is essential for advancing ADHD research.