[Radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer (with and without hormonal treatment)]

External beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for non metastatic prostate cancer has evolved during the past two decades with the introduction of image-based treatment planning and technological progress. When controlled for various case selection factors and quality of treatment delivery, the outcomes among the various modalities of treatments (surgery, EBRT, brachytherapy) appear to be equivalent. Newer conformal radiotherapy (RT) methods with three-dimensional conformal RT (3D-CRT) with intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) and image guided RT, have allowed radiation oncologists to improve the therapeutic ratio by lowering the dose to the surrounding critical structures while simultaneously safely escalating the dose to the disease target. This review details the practical elements of radiation dose delivery and the main guidelines for use of radiation therapy.