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School soft drink availability and consumption among U.S. secondary students.
Yvonne M Terry-McElrath1, Patrick M O'Malley, Lloyd D Johnston
1Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106-1248, USA. yterry@umich.edu
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|May 21, 2013
Summary
Reducing soft drink availability in schools may not lower overall student consumption, but it could significantly decrease intake among African-American students. This impacts adolescent beverage choices and health outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Adolescent Health
- Nutrition Science
Background:
- Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are linked to increased energy intake and body weight.
- Reducing SSB availability in schools is a strategy to curb adolescent consumption.
- Limited research exists on the direct impact of school availability on student SSB intake.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between regular and diet soft drink availability in schools and student consumption.
- Utilizing data from a large, nationally representative sample of U.S. secondary schools and students.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional data from 329 secondary schools and 9,284 students (Grades 8, 10, 12) from the 2010-2011 Monitoring the Future study.
- Administrator data from the Youth, Education, and Society study.
- Multilevel modeling to analyze the relationship between school availability and student consumption, controlling for covariates.
Main Results:
- Overall, school availability of regular and diet soft drinks was not associated with student consumption in multivariate models.
- A significant positive association was found between school soft drink availability and higher daily consumption among African-American high school students.
- This association persisted after controlling for student sociodemographics and school characteristics.
Conclusions:
- Removing soft drinks from schools may not lead to a significant reduction in overall student consumption.
- School-based interventions targeting soft drink availability could disproportionately benefit specific student groups, such as African-American adolescents.
- Targeted strategies may be necessary to effectively reduce soft drink consumption in diverse student populations.
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