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Related Concept Videos

Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
Phloem and Sugar Transport02:02

Phloem and Sugar Transport

Like many living organisms, plants have tissues that specialize in specific plant functions. For example, shoots are well adapted to rapid growth, while roots are structured to acquire resources efficiently. However, sugar production is primarily restricted to the photosynthetic cells that reside in the leaves of angiosperm plants. Sugar and other resources are transported from photosynthetic tissues to other specialized tissues by a process called translocation.
The Apoplast and Symplast01:46

The Apoplast and Symplast

Plant growth depends on its ability to take up water and dissolved minerals from the soil. The root system of every plant is equipped with the necessary tissues to facilitate the entry of water and solutes. The plant tissues involved in the transport of water and minerals have two major compartments - the apoplast and the symplast. The apoplast includes everything outside the plasma membrane of living cells and consists of cell walls, extracellular spaces, xylem, phloem, and tracheids. The...
Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources02:03

Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources

The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
Protein Transport to the Thylakoids01:22

Protein Transport to the Thylakoids

Thylakoids are membrane-bound sac-like structures within the chloroplast that serve as sites for photosynthesis. Thylakoid lumen contains many electron transport proteins and is enclosed by a thylakoid membrane rich in the light-harvesting complex. Proteins targeted to the thylakoids are transported as precursors and are sorted by the general TOC/TIC import pathway. Once the precursor reaches the stroma, stromal processing peptidases remove their transit signal and expose thylakoid signal...
Protein Transport to the Stroma01:24

Protein Transport to the Stroma

Chloroplasts are triple membrane structures with an outer membrane, an inner membrane, and a thylakoid membrane, each containing distinct metabolite transporters, membrane translocons, and enzymes. Appropriate sorting and translocating these proteins to their correct membrane systems is essential for chloroplast function.
Protein complexes called the translocon of the outer chloroplast membrane or TOC complex, and the translocon of the inner chloroplast membrane or TIC complex mediate the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Live Imaging of Arabidopsis Pollen Tube Reception and Double Fertilization Using the Semi-In Vitro Cum Septum Method
06:45

Live Imaging of Arabidopsis Pollen Tube Reception and Double Fertilization Using the Semi-In Vitro Cum Septum Method

Published on: February 24, 2023

Transport logistics in pollen tubes.

Youssef Chebli1, Jens Kroeger, Anja Geitmann

  • 1Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Molecular Plant
|May 21, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cytoplasmic streaming (cyclosis) drives intracellular transport by moving organelles and cytosol. This review explores the biophysics and modeling of these essential cellular logistics, particularly in pollen tubes.

Keywords:
cell expansioncytoskeleton dynamicspollen development.protein traffic and secretiontransport processes/kinetics

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Live Imaging of Arabidopsis Pollen Tube Reception and Double Fertilization Using the Semi-In Vitro Cum Septum Method
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A Cell-to-cell Macromolecular Transport Assay in Planta Utilizing Biolistic Bombardment
07:14

A Cell-to-cell Macromolecular Transport Assay in Planta Utilizing Biolistic Bombardment

Published on: August 27, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Cellular organelles and cytosol exhibit complex motion patterns, collectively termed cytoplasmic streaming or cyclosis.
  • This streaming is crucial for intracellular transport, facilitating the movement of molecules and organelles between cellular compartments.
  • Exo/endocytosis, involving vesicle fusion and budding with the plasma membrane, mediates transport between the cell's interior and exterior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the logistics of intracellular motion and transport processes.
  • To elucidate the biophysical underpinnings of cytoplasmic streaming and exo/endocytosis.
  • To discuss modeling approaches for understanding organelle transport in cells, with a focus on pollen tubes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on cytoplasmic streaming and intracellular transport.
  • Analysis of mechanical and mathematical modeling techniques applied to cellular transport.
  • Integration of cell biological data with biophysical and mathematical models.

Main Results:

  • Cytoplasmic streaming is a fundamental mechanism for active and passive transport within cells.
  • Exo/endocytosis plays a vital role in cellular material exchange, especially active in pollen tubes.
  • Combined modeling and experimental approaches significantly enhance understanding of intracellular transport dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • Intracellular transport logistics are complex, involving coordinated motion of organelles and cytosol.
  • Biophysical principles and mathematical modeling are essential tools for deciphering these processes.
  • The study of pollen tubes provides a model system for understanding active intracellular transport mechanisms.