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Related Concept Videos

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
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Antidepressant drugs are a class of medications primarily used for treating various mood disorders, including major depression, anxiety disorders, and other related conditions. These medicines work by modulating the neurotransmitter balance within the brain, alleviating depressive symptoms. Antidepressants can be broadly categorized into several groups according to their mechanism of action and chemical structure: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Serotonin-Norepinephrine...
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G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Conventional Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Depression: A Step-by-Step Protocol
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Rapid antidepressant effects: moving right along.

K Martinowich1, D V Jimenez, C A Zarate

  • 1Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Molecular Psychiatry
|May 22, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Current depression treatments are slow and often ineffective. Research into rapid-acting antidepressants, like ketamine, explores mechanisms for faster and sustained mood improvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Existing depression therapies have limited efficacy and delayed onset.
  • Rapid antidepressant effects observed with compounds like ketamine warrant further investigation.
  • Understanding mechanisms of action is crucial for developing improved treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in rapid-acting antidepressant compounds.
  • To discuss potential mechanisms underlying their fast therapeutic effects.
  • To propose a framework for future research in antidepressant development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on rapid-acting antidepressants.
  • Analysis of molecular and cellular mechanisms of action.
  • Synthesis of current research to guide future investigations.

Main Results:

  • Ketamine, a glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, shows rapid antidepressant effects.
  • Translational neuroscience efforts are focused on understanding these rapid effects.
  • Identifying key pathways for rapid and sustained antidepressant action is ongoing.

Conclusions:

  • Developing antidepressants with rapid onset and sustained effects is a critical goal.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms and ensure safety and efficacy.
  • A framework for future research can accelerate the development of novel depression treatments.