[Pharmaco and diet based prostate cancer prevention].

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Preventive Medicine
• Pharmacology

Context:

• Prostate cancer remains a significant cause of mortality in men, despite decreasing rates.
• Current prostate cancer screening lacks a favorable risk/benefit ratio, highlighting the need for effective prevention strategies.
• Controversy surrounds prostate cancer prevention, particularly regarding 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors.

Purpose:

• To comprehensively review molecules and compounds for prostate cancer prevention trials.
• To analyze both pharmaco-prevention and diet-based prevention approaches.
• To identify potential agents and dietary strategies for reducing prostate cancer incidence and mortality.

Summary:

• Pharmaco-prevention includes drugs targeting risk reduction (e.g., 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors), broader impact (e.g., NSAIDs), and those with prostate cancer as a side effect (e.g., statins).
• Diet-based prevention involves aliments, nutriments, vitamins, and minerals, with natural foods and global diets showing higher potential impact.
• Drug classes reviewed include 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, selective estrogen receptor modulators, NSAIDs, difluoromethylornithine, statins, metformin, and histone deacetylase inhibitors.

Impact:

• Identifies promising agents for future prostate cancer prevention trials.
• Suggests that diet-based interventions, particularly whole foods and diets, may be more impactful than isolated compounds.
• Highlights patient compliance as a critical, yet potentially weak, factor in the success of prevention strategies.