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Related Concept Videos

Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Acute Inflammation I: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...
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Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
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Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
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Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...

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Multiplex Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Spatial Immune Cell Landscape of the Tumor Microenvironment
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Published on: August 18, 2023

In this issue: from basic immunology to oncogenesis and inflammation.

Adrian Bot

    International Reviews of Immunology
    |May 28, 2013
    PubMed
    Summary

    This issue covers diverse immunology topics, including T cell receptor gamma delta (TCRγδ) T cells, Epstein-Barr virus microRNAs, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis genetics. It explores basic immunology, inflammation, oncogenesis, and immunopathology.

    Area of Science:

    • Covers fundamental and applied immunology, encompassing inflammation, oncogenesis, and immunopathology.
    • Features diverse topics from basic science to clinical relevance in immunology.

    Background:

    • Reviews the critical role of T cell receptor gamma delta (TCRγδ) T cells in immune responses.
    • Explores the significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).

    Discussion:

    • Examines the genetic underpinnings of autoimmune conditions like Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
    • Integrates findings on viral associations and genetic predispositions in immune disorders.

    Key Insights:

    • Highlights the multifaceted nature of immune system regulation and dysfunction.
    • Provides comprehensive overviews of complex immunological mechanisms.

    Outlook:

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    • Suggests future research directions in TCRγδ T cell function and immunopathology.
    • Points to advancements in understanding EBV-related diseases and autoimmune genetics.