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Related Concept Videos

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
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Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Genetic Material01:20

Genetic Material

Within the human body, a complex and detailed system of trillions of cells works in unison to sustain life. Each cell houses a nucleus, which contains 46 chromosomes divided into 23 pairs. Chromosomes are highly coiled structures made of the genetic material DNA. These chromosomes are essential carriers of genetic information, with half inherited from the mother through her egg and the other half from the father's sperm, combining to create the unique genetic makeup of an individual.
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The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.

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Updated: May 11, 2026

A Fast and Quantitative Method for Post-translational Modification and Variant Enabled Mapping of Peptides to Genomes
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Published on: May 22, 2018

The banana genome hub.

Gaëtan Droc1, Delphine Larivière, Valentin Guignon

  • 1CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Montpellier F-34398, France. gaetan.droc@cirad.fr

Database : the Journal of Biological Databases and Curation
|May 28, 2013
PubMed
Summary

The banana genome sequence (Musa acuminata) is now available with new bioinformatics tools. This resource aids research into monocot evolution and banana gene families.

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Navigating MARRVEL, a Web-Based Tool that Integrates Human Genomics and Model Organism Genetics Information

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Plant Science

Background:

  • Banana (Musa acuminata) is a globally significant fruit crop and staple in developing nations.
  • The recent release of the banana reference genome sequence offers a valuable resource for comparative genomics, particularly for understanding monocot evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish essential bioinformatics tools and resources for harnessing the banana genome sequence.
  • To support post-genomic research by integrating existing data and generating new analytical results.
  • To enhance data accessibility and interoperability through the Banana Genome Hub.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a Community Annotation System, phylogenomics resources, and metabolic pathways.
  • Improvement of existing banana systems (web front end, query builder) and integration of Musa data into generic systems (markers, genetic maps, synteny blocks).
  • Interoperability with external systems (transcriptomics, rice reference genome, workflow manager) and sequence analyses (SNP, polymorphism).

Main Results:

  • Establishment of a comprehensive suite of bioinformatics tools and resources for the banana genome.
  • Integration of diverse Musa data, including genetic maps, synteny blocks, and transcriptomics, into a centralized hub.
  • Generation of novel sequence analysis results, such as SNP and polymorphism data, facilitating gene family studies.

Conclusions:

  • The Banana Genome Hub provides a powerful, collaborative platform for exploring the banana genome.
  • Interoperability and data integration are crucial for advancing genomic research and understanding crop evolution.
  • The available resources and data facilitate diverse use cases, including the study of gene families and comparative genomics.