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Textiles and sun protection.

J Robson1, B L Diffey

  • 1Regional Medical Physics Department, Drybum Hospital, Durham, United Kingdom.

Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
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Textile weave significantly impacts ultraviolet radiation protection, more than the fabric type. Natural and synthetic fabrics offer varying UV protection based on their weave density and construction.

Area of Science:

  • Textile science
  • Materials science
  • Photoprotection

Background:

  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation poses risks to human skin.
  • Textiles are commonly used as a form of physical UV protection.
  • Understanding textile UV transmission is crucial for developing effective sun-protective clothing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure and compare the spectral transmission of UV radiation through various natural and human-made textiles.
  • To determine the primary factors influencing the UV protection capabilities of fabrics.

Main Methods:

  • Spectral transmission of UV radiation was measured for cotton, wool, silk, acrylic, viscose, and polyester fabrics.
  • Analysis focused on characteristic spectral transmission curves for each textile type.

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Main Results:

  • All tested textiles showed unique spectral transmission curves for UV radiation.
  • The weave structure (e.g., density, openness) was found to be a more critical determinant of UV protection than the textile material itself.
  • Denser weaves generally provided better UV blocking.

Conclusions:

  • Fabric weave is the most important factor in determining a textile's effectiveness against UV radiation.
  • Material type plays a secondary role in UV protection compared to weave characteristics.
  • Future research should focus on optimizing weave structures for enhanced UV-blocking textiles.