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Voltaic/Galvanic Cells02:47

Voltaic/Galvanic Cells

Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
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Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
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Redox Reactions

Redox reactions are vital biochemical processes that underpin energy metabolism in cells. These reactions involve the transfer of electrons between molecules, occurring in tandem as oxidation and reduction. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction denotes their gain. This coupling ensures the seamless flow of electrons through metabolic pathways. For example, in bacterial metabolism, glucose undergoes oxidation to carbon dioxide, while oxygen is simultaneously reduced to...
Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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Electrochemical Cells

Electrochemical cells are systems that convert chemical energy into electrical energy or use electrical energy to drive chemical reactions. They consist of two electrodes in contact with an electrolyte, where redox reactions enable electron transfer. Most electrochemical cells include two half-cells connected by an external wire for electron flow and a salt bridge for ion flow. The salt bridge contains an electrolyte solution and maintains charge neutrality by allowing ions—not electrons—to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
09:49

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

Published on: February 13, 2017

Microfluidic redox battery.

Jin Wook Lee1, Marc-Antoni Goulet, Erik Kjeang

  • 1School of Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada.

Lab on a Chip
|May 29, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel miniaturized microfluidic battery, the first membraneless redox type. This rechargeable device offers sustainable on-chip power for microelectronics and lab-on-a-chip systems.

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Last Updated: May 11, 2026

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
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Published on: February 13, 2017

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Microfluidics
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Microfluidic devices require integrated, sustainable power sources.
  • Existing micro-scale batteries often face limitations in power density and rechargeability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate a miniaturized, membraneless microfluidic redox battery.
  • To enable on-chip electrical power generation for microelectronic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a microfluidic chip using low-cost materials.
  • Implementation of dual-pass flow-through porous electrodes.
  • Utilizing stratified, co-laminar flow for electrolyte management.
  • Testing with a vanadium redox electrolyte.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of the first membraneless microfluidic redox battery.
  • Achieved competitive power levels for on-chip energy generation.
  • Successful completion of a full charge/discharge cycle, confirming rechargeability.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microfluidic battery offers a promising solution for sustainable power in microfluidic systems.
  • The membraneless, symmetric design allows for versatile charging and discharging operations.
  • This technology advances the integration of power sources with lab-on-a-chip and microelectronic devices.