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Related Concept Videos

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane01:28

The Inner Mitochondrial Membrane

The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...

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Updated: May 11, 2026

Ratiometric Biosensors that Measure Mitochondrial Redox State and ATP in Living Yeast Cells
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Ratiometric Biosensors that Measure Mitochondrial Redox State and ATP in Living Yeast Cells

Published on: July 22, 2013

A self-calibrating bipartite viscosity sensor for mitochondria.

Zhigang Yang1, Yanxia He, Jae-Hong Lee

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel sensor to measure mitochondrial viscosity in living cells. This new tool revealed that cellular mitochondrial viscosity increases significantly when treated with specific compounds.

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Multi-parameter Measurement of the Permeability Transition Pore Opening in Isolated Mouse Heart Mitochondria
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Multi-parameter Measurement of the Permeability Transition Pore Opening in Isolated Mouse Heart Mitochondria

Published on: September 7, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysical Chemistry

Background:

  • Mitochondrial function is crucial for cellular health and is influenced by the intracellular environment.
  • Accurate measurement of mitochondrial viscosity is essential for understanding cellular dynamics and disease mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize a novel self-calibrating bipartite fluorescent sensor for measuring viscosity within cellular mitochondria.
  • To determine the basal mitochondrial viscosity in living HeLa cells and observe changes induced by specific treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a bipartite fluorescent sensor incorporating coumarin and boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) moieties with a mitochondria-targeting unit.
  • Utilizing fluorescence intensity and lifetime ratios to establish a linear correlation with viscosity.
  • Quantifying mitochondrial viscosity in live HeLa cells using the developed sensor.

Main Results:

  • The sensor exhibited a linear relationship between fluorescence signal ratios (BODIPY/coumarin or fluorescence lifetime) and viscosity.
  • The average mitochondrial viscosity in living HeLa cells was determined to be approximately 62 centipoise (cP).
  • Treatment with monensin or nystatin led to a significant increase in mitochondrial viscosity to approximately 110 cP.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bipartite sensor provides a reliable method for self-calibrating and quantifying mitochondrial viscosity in live cells.
  • Mitochondrial viscosity is sensitive to external stimuli, as demonstrated by the increase observed after ionophore or nystatin treatment.
  • This sensor offers a valuable tool for investigating the role of viscosity in mitochondrial function and cellular pathophysiology.