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Related Concept Videos

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction01:23

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Introduction

Oral drug delivery is the most common route of administration due to its convenience, cost-effectiveness, and high patient compliance. It enables precise formulation to ensure proper drug dosage and bioavailability. The development of oral dosage forms considers drug properties such as solubility, stability, and absorption to optimize therapeutic efficacy.Tablets, capsules, liquids, and chewable formulations enhance drug stability, mask undesirable tastes, and improve patient experience.
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Disease States and Pharmacology01:25

Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Disease States and Pharmacology

Multiple disease states can significantly influence the oral drug absorption process by affecting blood flow and the functionality of the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Various GI diseases, including conditions that alter GI motility, such as diarrhea, decreased acid secretions (achlorhydria), and infections, have been associated with reduced drug absorption.
Substances such as alcohol and specific drugs, including antineoplastics, can also negatively impact drug absorption. For instance,...
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
Formulation and Manufacturing Process: Physical Attributes of Generic Tablets and Capsules01:18

Formulation and Manufacturing Process: Physical Attributes of Generic Tablets and Capsules

Bioequivalence in generic drugs, such as tablets and capsules, refers to their pharmaceutical equivalence to the brand-name counterparts. However, for therapeutic equivalence, manufacturers must also consider physical attributes like size, shape, and weight (FDA Guidance for Industry, December 2003). Discrepancies in these aspects could impact patient compliance and cause medication errors. For instance, swallowing difficulties, often experienced with larger tablets or capsules, can lead to...
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...

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Difficult to swallow: issues affecting optimal adherence to oral anticancer agents.

Winson Y Cheung1

  • 1From the Division of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver Clinic, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book. American Society of Clinical Oncology. Annual Meeting
|May 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary

Oral anticancer therapies offer patient convenience but face adherence challenges. Effective monitoring strategies are crucial to improve clinical outcomes for oral cancer drugs.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Patient Adherence Research

Background:

  • Oral anticancer drug formulations have significantly increased, now comprising about 25% of all cancer therapies.
  • Oral cancer drugs offer patient benefits like convenience and independence, reducing healthcare visits and infusion reactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing importance of oral anticancer agents.
  • To address the challenges associated with patient adherence and monitoring of oral cancer therapies.
  • To emphasize the need for improved strategies to ensure adherence and maximize therapeutic benefits.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review of current trends and challenges in oral anticancer therapy.
  • It synthesizes information on patient adherence and monitoring difficulties.
  • It identifies the critical need for enhanced adherence measurement strategies.

Main Results:

  • The increasing prevalence of oral anticancer drugs presents unique adherence and monitoring issues.
  • Poor adherence to oral cancer therapies can negatively impact patient survival and clinical outcomes.
  • Current methods for monitoring adherence in self-administered oral therapies are insufficient.

Conclusions:

  • There is an urgent need for validated strategies to accurately measure and monitor patient adherence to oral anticancer agents.
  • Effective adherence monitoring is essential to optimize the clinical benefits of oral cancer treatments.
  • Addressing adherence challenges is key to improving patient outcomes in the era of oral oncology therapeutics.