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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Using Adeno-associated Virus as a Tool to Study Retinal Barriers in Disease
10:14

Using Adeno-associated Virus as a Tool to Study Retinal Barriers in Disease

Published on: April 19, 2015

Symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion.

Timothy L Jackson1, Elena Nicod, Andrew Simpson

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom. t.jackson1@nhs.net

Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|May 30, 2013
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) causes vision loss due to vitreous traction. Treatment options vary, and new pharmacologic agents like ocriplasmin are emerging for specific conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Using Adeno-associated Virus as a Tool to Study Retinal Barriers in Disease
10:14

Using Adeno-associated Virus as a Tool to Study Retinal Barriers in Disease

Published on: April 19, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Retinal Diseases
  • Vitreoretinal Interface Disorders

Background:

  • Symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion (sVMA) is defined as visual dysfunction caused by vitreous traction on the macula.
  • sVMA can manifest as isolated vitreomacular traction or coexist with epiretinal membrane.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion.
  • To discuss its associations, prevalence, and treatment modalities.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of symptomatic vitreomacular adhesion.

Main Results:

  • sVMA is linked to age-related macular degeneration and potentially diabetic maculopathy.
  • Treatment strategies include observation, vitrectomy, pharmacologic vitreolysis, and intravitreal gas bubbles.
  • The estimated prevalence of sVMA (excluding epiretinal membrane) is approximately 0.35 per 100 population, with potential for underdiagnosis.

Conclusions:

  • The advent of ocriplasmin is expected to stimulate further interest in sVMA.
  • Ocriplasmin shows promise for treating vitreomacular traction and early-stage macular holes, but not epiretinal membrane.
  • The therapeutic role of ocriplasmin in other VMA-associated conditions requires further investigation.