[Electronic microscopy in endodontic electrophoresis efficiency assessment]

The reason for insufficient efficiency of endodontic treatments is a complex structure of root canals system and presence of dentine tubules (DT) in a root dentine. For sterilization and obturation of all spaces in a root canal system the method of cupper-calcium hydroxide (CCH) electrophoresis was developed. The authors proposed more effective method of CCH galvanophoresis by means of galvanic pins based on electrophoresis principles but allowing deep impregnation of the root dentine by nanoparticles of CCH. The purpose of the study was to validate the parameters of root dentine nanoimpregnation by CCH at endodontic galvanophoresis. Material and methods. Research has carried out on 24 removed teeth in laboratory model. The impact of irrigation of root canal and nanoimpregnation duration on the microflora, dentine smear layer, depth of penetration of CCH particles in dentine tubules was studied by scanning electronic microscopy. Results. Irrigation of root canals essentially reduces the amount of microorganisms and eliminates the dentine smear layer. Nanoimpregnation of root dentine by CCH for 1 day results in obtuation of 60-70% of DT up to 100-200 nm, for 1 week - promotes uniform obturation of DT to 35-50 microns. These values proves galvanophoresis to be a useful tool for pulpitis treatment. By nanoimpregnation for 2 weeks DT were filled with nanoparticles of CCH on depth up to 1.2-1.5 mm, and for 4 weeks - up to 2.5 mm. These terms can be recommended for treatment of apical periodontitis.